Tahukah kalian jika dalam bahasa inggris penambahan kata (biasanya kada depan) dalam suatu kata tertentu akan mengakibatkan memiliki arti yang snagat berbeda dengan kata dasarnya. Sebagia contoh have yang sudah kita kenal memiliki arti memiliki/ mempunyai. Akan tetapi jika diberi akhiran tomenjadi have tomaka akan memiliki arti harus. Keduanya sama-sama kata kerja utama (main verbs).
Perhatikan contoh berikut:
– We have three options. (kami memiliki tiga pilihan)
– They have everything. (mereka memiliki segalanya)
– I have to call him soon. (aku harus memanggilnya segera)
– We have to join them. (kita harus ikut dengan mereka)
Jadi
kata kerja have to memiliki arti harus. Terus apa bedanya dengan must, should, dan ought to? Ini nih bedanya:
| Have to, has to, had to | Kata kerja utama |
| Must, should, ought to | modals |
Mengingat sebagai kata kerja utama, maka juga mengalami perubahan dalam tensesnya.
| Main verbs (V-1) | Past form (V-2) | Participle (V-3) |
| Have to | Had to | Had to |
Have to dipakai untuk subjek They, we, I, you
Has to dipakai untuk subjek he, she dan it
Had to dipakai untuk semua subjek
Contoh dalam kalimat:
Simple Present Tense Positif
| S | Have to/ has to | Bare verb | |
| I | Have to | go | there |
| She | Has to | understand | you |
| We | Have to | pick | them |
| Mira | Has to | choose | one of them |
Simple Present Tense negative
| S | Don’t/ doesn’t | Have to/ has to | Bare verb | |
| I | Don’t | Have to | go | there |
| She | Doesn’t | Have to | understand | you |
| We | Don’t | Have to | pick | them |
| Mira | Doesn’t | Have to | choose | One of them |
Simple Past Tense Positif
| S | Had to | Bare verb | |
| I | had to | go | there |
| She | had to | understand | you |
| We | had to | pick | them |
| Mira | Had to | choose | One of them |
Simple Past Tense Negative
| S | Didn’t | Have to | Bare verb | |
| I | Didn’t | Have to | go | there |
| She | Didn’t | Have to | understand | you |
| We | Didn’t | Have to | pick | them |
| Mira | Didn’t | Have to | choose | One of them |
Present Perfect tense positive/ negative
| S | Have/ has | not | Had to | Bare verb | |
| I | have | had to | go | there | |
| She | Has | not | had to | understand | you |
| We | have | had to | pick | them | |
| Mira | has | not | Had to | choose | One of them |
Past Perfect tense positive/ negative
| S | had | not | Had to | Bare verb | |
| I | Had | had to | go | there | |
| She | Had | not | had to | understand | you |
| We | Had | had to | pick | them | |
| Mira | Had | not | Had to | choose | One of them |
Jadi kesimpulannya, have to dan has to dipakai dalam kalimat present tense, sedangkan had to dipakai dalam kalimat past tense atau past perfect tense. Happy learning!
